宗派的兴起

WHERE DO DENOMINATIONS COME FROM?

I.  「宗派」一词

Meaning of the Word “Denomination”

教会的四重属性：

4 attributes of the Church –

合一，圣洁，使徒性，普世性（大公）

one, holy, apostolic, catholic (universal)

「宗派」=大公教会的一部份（一个版本）

“Denomination” = denominations (forms) of the catholic/universalchurch

我们是否活在后宗派时期？不！

Are we in a post-denominationalera?  No

II.  福音的传播﹕向东、南；向西、北

The Gospel Spread East/South andWest/North

东方的教会﹕安提阿；埃及，非洲；波斯；景教；多马教会（印度）；中国﹕唐？汉？

Churches of the East – Antoich/Lebanon; Egypt &Ethiopia (Coptics); Persians; Nestorians; “Thomas Church” of India; Nestoriansin China, Tang dynasty (E. Han?)

西方的教会﹕东﹕东正教（希腊等地）；西﹕罗马天主教；基督新教

Churches of the West – Greek (Eastern) Orthodox; West:Roman Catholic; Protestant

III. 宗教改革﹕16世纪

Protestant Reformation– 16th Century

a.     马丁路德﹕路德宗，信义宗

Martin Luther – Lutheranism

b.    加尔文﹕加尔文主义，改革宗

John Calvin – Calvinism, Reformedchurches

c.      亨利八世﹕安立甘宗（英国圣公会）

Henry VIII – Church ofEngland/Anglicanism

d.    重洗派﹕门诺会等

Anabaptists – Menno, Mennonites; Amish

改革宗的宗派﹕改革宗（归正），长老会，公理会

Reformed churches: Reformed, Presbyterian,Congregationalist

(a)   法国French – Huegenots

(b)  瑞士Swiss – 改革宗Reformed

(c)   德国German – 改革宗Reformed

(d)  荷兰Dutch – 改革宗Reformed

(e)   苏格兰，爱尔兰Scottish, Irish – 长老宗（长老会）Presbyterian

(f)   英格兰English – 清教徒Puritan – 公理宗（公理会）Congregationalist

(g)   公理宗Congregationalist -> 浸礼宗（浸信会）Baptists  

(h)  波兰，匈牙利Polish, Hungarian – 改革宗Reformed

IV.英国教会的改革运动

The Reformation of the Church in England

清教徒运动The Puritan Movement:

(a)    英国圣公会里的公理宗Congregationalists withinAnglicanism

(b)   分离（派）的公理宗Separatist Congregationalists

(c)    苏格兰的长老宗Scottish Presbyterians

(d)  分离派公理宗里的浸信会（浸信会的起源）

Separatist CongregationalistBaptists

(e)    其他独立教会，狂热分子Other independents andenthusiasts

V.  英国教会的复兴（更新）

The Renewal of the Church in England

(a)    清教徒Puritans (1555-1710)

(b)   卫理公会Methodists (1740s ->)

(c)    弟兄会Brethren (1827->)

(d)   救世军Salvation Army (1860s)

(e)    改革宗圣公会Reformed Episcopal Church

(f)    2006年美国一部份圣公会离开美国圣公会

New departures from the Church ofEngland, 2006

VI. 美国的宗派American Denominations

(a)    清教徒Puritans – 公理会Congregationalists

(b)   圣公会Anglicans – Virginia, Georgia

(c)    天主教Roman Catholics – Florida,Maryland

(d)    荷兰改革宗Dutch Reformed – New York, NewJersey

(e)    法国French Huegenots – New Rochelle,NY

(f)    德国人在费城Germans in Philadelphia – 1/3,1700; ALC, LCA, ELCA -> ELCA  

(g)    路德会Lutheran Church Missouri Synod

(h)   门诺会Mennonites, Amish: “PennsylvaniaDutch”

VII.  美国土产的异端

American Sects and Cults

(a)    魔门教Mormons – Church of Jesus Christand the Latter-Day Saints

(b)   复原运动，1844大失所望The Restoration Movement and the Great Disappointment1844

(c)    耶和华见证人Jehovah’s Witnesses

(d)   基督（的）教会Churches of Christ

(e)    复临（？）教会The Adventist Church

(f)    安息日会Seventh-day Adventists

(g)    基督教科学会Christian Science

(h)   The Masonic Lodge

VIII.        其他宗派Other Denominations

(a)    宣信，宣道会A.B. Simpson and the Christianand Missionary Alliance

(b)   达秘，弟兄会J.N. Darby and the Brethren(Plymouth/Closed; Open/Grace)

(c)    其他称为「弟兄会」的

Others who use the “Brethren”name (Germans etc.)

(d)   瑞典﹕行道会Swedish: Evangelical CovenantChurch

(e)    那威﹕播道会Norwegian: Evangelical FreeChurch

(f)    德国﹕北美浸信会German : North AmericanBaptists

(g)    路德宗弟兄会Church of the Lutheran Brethren  

IX.  美国南北战争（内战），宗派分裂为南北

The Civil War, North-South Splitsand Reunions

(a)    卫理公会﹕美以美会，监理会Methodist Episcopal Church andMethodist Episcopal Church (South)

(b)   美南浸信会，美北浸信会Southern Baptist Convention andthe Northern Baptist Convention (-> American Baptist Churches USA)

(c)    美国长老会（北，联合），美国长老会（南）Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A.and the Presbyterian Church in the United States (1861); United PresbyterianChurch in the USA (1960s) -> Presbyterian Church in the USA (1980s)

X. 自由派神学与基要主义的兴起

Liberalism and the Rise ofFundamentalism/Evangelicalism

(a)    正统（信正）长老会Orthodox Presbyterian Church 1936

(b)   圣经长老会Bible Presbyterian Church 1936

(c)    美国（美洲？）长老会Presbyterian Church in America1973; RPCES->PCA 1982

(d)   保守浸信会Conservative Baptist Churches

(e)    圣公会Anglicans 1970s

XI.   华人自创的宗派Chinese Denominations

(a)    聚会所Watchman Nee – Assembly Hall

(b)   真耶稣教会True Jesus Church

(c)    耶稣家庭Jesus Family

(d)   计志文，中国佈道会Andrew Gih and the “EvangelizeChina” Fellowship

(e)    赵世光，灵粮堂Timothy Dzao and the Ling Liang(Bread of Life) Worldwide Evangelization Association

(f)    史祈生，中华海外宣道会Torrey Shih and Oversea ChineseMission

(g)    杨摩西Moses Yang and the EvangelicalBible Seminary

(h)   印尼华人，华裔教会各宗派Indonesian Variations – Reformedchurch + revivalism + Fujian dialects

(i)     唐崇荣，归正福音教会Stephen Tong and ReformedEvangelical Church (+ STEMI)

(j)     罗文，罗省基督教会

Eddie Lo and the FirstEvangelical Church Association        

(k)    刘富理，台福教会Felix Liu and the EvangelicalFormosan Church

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